Substantial research over the past two decades has established that extracellular matrix
(ECM) elasticity, or stiffness, affects fundamental cellular processes, including spreading …

Tissue engineering makes use of the principles of medicine, biology and engineering and
integrates them into the design of biological substitutes to restore, maintain and improve the …

Bone tissue engineering has been continuously develo** since the concept of “tissue
engineering” has been proposed. Biomaterials that are used as the basic material for the …

Today, with the salient advancements of modern and smart technologies related to tissue
engineering and regenerative medicine (TE-RM), the use of sustainable and biodegradable …

Hydrogel delivery systems can leverage therapeutically beneficial outcomes of drug delivery
and have found clinical use. Hydrogels can provide spatial and temporal control over the …

Severe bone damage from diseases, including extensive trauma, fractures, and bone
tumors, cannot self-heal, while traditional surgical treatment may bring side effects such as …

Humans and animals lose tissues and organs due to congenital defects, trauma, and
diseases. The human body has a low regenerative potential as opposed to the urodele …

Organ and tissue loss through disease and injury motivate the development of therapies that
can regenerate tissues and decrease reliance on transplantations. Regenerative medicine …

Silk fibroin (SF) is a fibrous protein which is produced mainly by silkworms and spiders. Its
unique mechanical properties, tunable biodegradation rate and the ability to support the …

Alginate is a commonly used bioink in 3D bioprinting. Matrix stiffness is a key determinant of
mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation, suggesting that modulation of alginate bioink …