Keratinous materials such as wool, feathers and hooves are tough unique biological co-
products that usually have high sulfur and protein contents. A high cystine content (7–13%) …

Microbial keratinases have become biotechnologically important since they target the
hydrolysis of highly rigid, strongly cross-linked structural polypeptide “keratin” recalcitrant to …

Keratinases are exciting proteolytic enzymes that display the capability to degrade the
insoluble protein keratin. These enzymes are produced by diverse microorganisms …

Keratin-rich by-products, ie bristles, horns and hooves, chicken feathers and similar, are a
source of nutrients for animals (amino acids) and plants (N, S). Contemporary developments …

Billions of tons of keratinous waste in the form of feathers, antlers, bristles, claws, hair, hoofs,
horns, and wool are generated by different industries and their demolition causes …

The search for novel renewable products over synthetics hallmarked this decade and those
of the recent past. Most economies that are prospecting on biodiversity for improved bio …

Feathers are a major by-product of the poultry industry. They are mainly composed of
keratins which have wide applications in different fields. Due to the increasing production of …

Feathers account for 5–7% of the total weight of chicken have become one of the major
pollutants due to their recalcitrant nature. Feather which is constituted of 90% keratin can be …

Keratin-rich wastes in the form of feathers, hair, nails, and horn are highly available as
byproducts of agroindustrial processing. The increased needs for energy conserving and …

Sažetak Keratin is a complex and structurally stable protein found in human and animal hard
tissues, such as feathers, wool, hair, hoof and nails. Some of these, like feathers and wool …