The war in Ukraine has sensitized German policy makers towards the negative economic
impact of a curtailment of natural gas flows from Russia. Given its large import dependency …

Energy transition has implications not only for economic growth and social welfare but also
for the planet. It is therefore important to provide a framework of quantifying how this …

In the context of trade protectionism impacting economic and environmental sustainability, a
more comprehensive understanding of the impact of trade on carbon emissions is critical to …

The subject of this article concerns a crucial issue of energy security in the European Union
countries, especially during the war in Ukraine. The paper presents the results of a study …

The study offers an in-depth examination of the capabilities and output of renewable energy
sources, specifically focusing on solar, wind, hydroelectric, and green hydrogen …

Green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis is an important form of energy storage for
centralized, large-scale and long-cycle scenarios. Cost efficiency is crucial in promoting this …

This paper refers to the current energy situation in the European Union (EU) countries with a
particular focus on energy produced from renewable energy sources and coal–sources that …

The turbulent world situation is an urgent crisis in energy trade and may exacerbate regional
energy tensions. This paper measures the links between geopolitical risks (GPR), economic …

The accelerating increase in the power capacity of intermittent renewable energy sources
has a significant impact on the operation of power systems. First, it causes a growth in …

Given its versatility, energy security's importance to economic growth cannot be overstated.
Existing empirical research has not, however, taken into account the significance of energy …