Purpose Women empowerment becomes an important policy discussion in development
economics and modernization theory. The empowerment of women can lead to an increase …

The concept of spatial confounding is closely connected to spatial regression, although no
general definition has been established. A generally accepted idea of spatial confounding in …

Standard techniques such as leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) might not be suitable
for evaluating the predictive performance of models incorporating structured random effects …

Abstract Using National Crime Records Bureau and National Sample Survey data, this
article explores the Spatio-temporal patterns of different types of crime in India. To explain …

Crime against women (CAW) persists as an enduring and disconcerting societal issue,
encompassing a range of physical, sexual, and emotional violence. This study examines the …

Multivariate models for spatial count data are currently receiving attention in disease
map** to model two or more diseases jointly. They have been thoroughly studied from a …

Crime against women (CAW) is not a present-day problem but has been prevalent in the
world through the ages and since the beginning of civilizations. The cases of CAW have …

Spatial areal models encounter the well-known and challenging problem of spatial
confounding. This issue makes it arduous to distinguish between the impacts of observed …

Assessing associations between a response of interest and a set of covariates in spatial
areal models is the leitmotiv of ecological regression. However, the presence of spatially …

Despite the amount of research on disease map** in recent years, the use of multivariate
models for areal spatial data remains limited due to difficulties in implementation and …