Decades of research have identified genetic factors and biochemical pathways involved in
neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). We present evidence for the following eight hallmarks …

Amyloid β protein (Aβ) is the main component of neuritic plaques in Alzheimer's disease
(AD), and its accumulation has been considered as the molecular driver of Alzheimer's …

The diversity and complex organization of cells in the brain have hindered systematic
characterization of age-related changes in its cellular and molecular architecture, limiting …

Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the
gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that the gut and brain are in constant …

Alterations in the gut microbiota composition have been associated with a range of
neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The gut microbes …

The major neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are amyloid β (Aβ)
plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), accompanied by neuroinflammation and neuronal …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly
worldwide. However, the complexity of AD pathogenesis leads to discrepancies in the …

Aging is a dynamic, time-dependent process that is characterized by a gradual accumulation
of cell damage. Continual functional decline in the intrinsic ability of living organisms to …

Stimulator of interferons genes (STING), which is crucial for the secretion of type I interferons
and proinflammatory cytokines in response to cytosolic nucleic acids, plays a key role in the …

Immune memory is a defining feature of the acquired immune system, but activation of the
innate immune system can also result in enhanced responsiveness to subsequent triggers …