This paper presents a critical review of heat transfer applications of nanofluids. The effects of
nanoparticle concentration, size, shape, and nanofluid flow rate on Nusselt number, heat …

Nanofluid is considered to be a new generation heat transfer medium which has attracted
significant attention from the research community for the past two decades due to its …

Heat is the most common form of energy either in final or intermediate forms, with the latter
enabling energy conversion to other useful forms. Heat is primarily sourced from fossil fuels …

Heat transfer operations are very common in the process industry to transfer a huge amount
of thermal energy, ie, heat, from one fluid to another for different purposes. Many fluids are …

In the present work, Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT)/water nanofluids are used to
increase the performance of a shell and tube heat exchanger (STHX) while reducing energy …

With the advancement of industries and the trend towards miniaturization, sustainability and
higher energy efficiency of devices, compact heat exchangers become an urgent need in the …

Heat exchangers have already proven to be important devices for thermal systems in many
industrial fields. In order to improve the efficacy of heat exchangers, nanofluids are recently …

The main objective of this research is to study the tribological and thermophysical behavior
of ZnO nanoparticles as an additive at different weight percentages (0.1%, 0.4%, and 0.7%) …

A wide range of studies was conducted to increase the heat transfer rate and reduce the size
and cost of shell and tube heat exchangers (STHE). The paper's contributions lie in its ability …

This century is undergoing a wave of knowledge and inventions making use of exceptional
properties of nanofluids (NFs) in applications such as manufacturing and process heating …