The tumour immune microenvironment is shaped by the crosstalk between cancer cells,
immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and other stromal components. Although the …

Curing cancer through precision medicine is the paramount aim of the new wave of
molecular and genomic therapies. Currently, whether patients with non-reproductive …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) induces a remarkable and durable response in a subset
of cancer patients. However, most patients exhibit either primary or acquired resistance to …

Sex differences are present across multiple non-reproductive organ cancers, with male
individuals generally experiencing higher incidence of cancer with poorer outcomes …

Strong epidemiological evidence now exists that sex is an important biologic variable in
immunity. Recent studies, for example, have revealed that sex differences are associated …

Long COVID, a type of post-acute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(PASC) defined by medically unexplained symptoms following …

Cancer greatly affects the quality of life of humans worldwide and the number of patients
suffering from it is continuously increasing. Over the last century, numerous treatments have …

Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer that develops from
transformed melanocytes. It is crucial to identify melanoma at its early stages, in situ, as it is …

Biological sex, being female or male, broadly influences diverse immune phenotypes,
including immune responses to diseases at mucosal surfaces. Sex hormones, sex …

Background: Sex dimorphism strongly impacts tumor biology, with most cancers having a
male predominance. Uniquely, thyroid cancer (TC) is the only nonreproductive cancer with …