River networks represent the largest biogeochemical nexus between the continents, ocean
and atmosphere. Our current understanding of the role of rivers in the global carbon cycle …

River water quality is crucial to ecosystem health and water security, yet its deterioration
under climate change is often overlooked in climate risk assessments. Here we review how …

Carbon storage by the ocean and by the land is usually quantified separately, and does not
fully take into account the land-to-ocean transport of carbon through inland waters …

Lakes are important natural resources and carbon gas emitters and are undergoing rapid
changes worldwide in response to climate change and human activities. A detailed global …

Global development has been heavily reliant on the overexploitation of natural resources
since the Industrial Revolution. With the extensive use of fossil fuels, deforestation, and other …

Coastal ecosystems release or absorb carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous
oxide (N2O), but the net effects of these ecosystems on the radiative balance remain …

ES 6: 3-5 Replace “It is unequivocal that emissions of the well-mixed greenhouse gases
(GHG) carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2 O) from human activities …

Flowing waters have a unique role in supporting global biodiversity, biogeochemical cycles
and human societies,,,–. Although the importance of permanent watercourses is well …

Atmospheric methane is a potent greenhouse gas that plays a major role in controlling the
Earth's climate. The causes of the renewed increase of methane concentration since 2007 …

The magnitude of stream and river carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is affected by seasonal
changes in watershed biogeochemistry and hydrology. Global estimates of this flux are …