Hundreds of studies have found that weak magnetic fields can significantly influence various
biological systems. However, the underlying mechanisms behind these phenomena remain …

Although it has been known for almost half a century that migratory birds can detect the
direction of the Earth's magnetic field, the primary sensory mechanism behind this …

A thought-provoking argument that consciousness—more widespread than previously
assumed—is the feeling of being alive, not a type of computation or a clever hack In The …

Billions of nocturnally migrating birds move through increasingly photopolluted skies, relying
on cues for navigation and orientation that artificial light at night (ALAN) can impair …

Conspectus The electron's spin, its intrinsic angular momentum, is a quantum property that
plays a critical role in determining the electronic structure of molecules. Despite its …

Understanding the rules of life is one of the most important scientific endeavours and has
revolutionised both biology and biotechnology. Remarkable advances in observation …

For centuries, humans have been fascinated by how migratory animals find their way over
thousands of kilometres. Here, I review the mechanisms used in animal orientation and …

Biological systems are dynamical, constantly exchanging energy and matter with the
environment in order to maintain the non-equilibrium state synonymous with living …

Birds seem to use a light-dependent, radical-pair-based magnetic compass. In vertebrates,
cryptochromes are the only class of proteins that form radical pairs upon photo-excitation …

Even though the bioeffects of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) have been extensively
investigated during the past several decades, our understandings of the bioeffects of EMR …