Exosomes are a subgroup of nanosized extracellular vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer
membrane and secreted by most eukaryotic cells. They represent a route of intercellular …

Joint diseases are one of the most common causes of morbidity and disability worldwide.
The main diseases that affect joint cartilage are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, which …

Exosomes and other small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) provide a unique mode of cell-to-
cell communication in which microRNAs (miRNAs) produced and released from one cell are …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (typically consisting of 18–25
nucleotides) that negatively control expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional …

Recent years, the immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have
been demonstrated in preclinical studies and trials of inflammatory and autoimmune …

Abstract Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of the heart leads to increased autophagic flux.
Preconditioning stimulates autophagic flux by AMPK and PI3-kinase activation and mTOR …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding small RNA molecules that can be
secreted into the circulation and exist in remarkably stable forms. Like intercellular miRNAs …

Advances in RNA-sequencing techniques have led to the discovery of thousands of non-
coding transcripts with unknown function. There are several types of non-coding linear …

Apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death that plays a key role in both healthy and
pathological conditions, releases extracellular vesicles such as apoptotic bodies and …

Objective Use of the frailty index to measure an accumulation of deficits has been proven a
valuable method for identifying elderly people at risk for increased vulnerability, disease …