Acetylcholine in the brain alters neuronal excitability, influences synaptic transmission,
induces synaptic plasticity, and coordinates firing of groups of neurons. As a result, it …

Mood disorders are highly prevalent and are the leading cause of disability worldwide. The
neurobiological mechanisms underlying depression remain poorly understood, although …

Highlights•ACh boosts attention by enhancing sensory stimuli and decreasing cortico-
cortical communication.•Increased ACh signaling can lead to symptoms of depression in …

Nerve agents are organophosphate (OP) compounds and among the most powerful poisons
known to man. A terrorist attack on civilian or military populations causing mass casualties is …

Synaptic plasticity has often been argued to play an important role in learning and memory.
The discovery of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), the two most …

It is now well-documented that exposures to uncontrollable (inescapable and unpredictable)
stress in adulthood can have profound effects on brain and behavior. Converging lines of …

Diverse stress stimuli induce long-lasting cognitive deficits, but the underlying molecular
mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Here, we report three different stress models …

Fatty acid metabolism and steroid biosynthesis are 2 major pathways shared by
peroxisomes and mitochondria. Both organelles are in close apposition to the endoplasmic …

Early stressful adverse situations may increase the vulnerability to cognitive deficits and
psychiatric disorders, such as depression. Maternal separation (MS) has been used as an …

The ACh hydrolyzing enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a combinatorial series of
proteins with variant N and C termini generated from alternate promoter usage and 3 …