Methylene blue is a fluorescent dye discovered in 1876 and has since been used in different
scientific fields. Only recently has methylene blue been used for intraoperative fluorescent …

Background Methylene blue is an intraoperative adjunct for localization of enlarged
parathyroid glands. The availability of preoperative and other intraoperative localization …

Background Identification of diseased and normal parathyroid glands during parathyroid
surgery can be challenging. The aim of this study was to assess whether near-infrared (NIR) …

Background Sporadic multiglandular disease (MGD) has been reported in literature in 8–
33% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). This paper aimed to review …

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has been recognized as a disease process since the
1920s when it was discovered in both Europe and the United States. 1 In 1925, the first …

Background Intraoperative identification of parathyroid adenomas can be challenging. We
hypothesized that low‐doses methylene blue (MB) and near‐infrared fluorescence (NIRF) …

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the results of first-time surgery for
sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) in patients with preoperatively negative …

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in children is a rare disorder with sharp contrasts in its
presentation and aetiology compared with the disease process in adults. This review …

Background Outcomes in endocrine surgery have been shown to improve with surgeon
volume. We aimed to study the effect of surgeon volume on morbidity following …

Intraoperative intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) monitoring has been accepted by many
centers specializing in parathyroid surgery as a useful adjunct during surgery for primary …