Currently, there is no disease-modifying treatment available for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's
disease (AD and PD) and that includes the highly controversial approval of the Aβ-targeting …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the most studied neurotrophins in the
healthy and diseased brain. As a result, there is a large body of evidence that associates …

Considerable uncertainty exists about the defining brain changes associated with bipolar
disorder (BD). Understanding and quantifying the sources of uncertainty can help generate …

Metal cations are indispensable components of the cellular machinery and are involved in
numerous essential tasks ranging from nucleic acid and protein structure stabilization to …

The mood stabilizers lithium and valproic acid (VPA) are traditionally used to treat bipolar
disorder (BD), a severe mental illness arising from complex interactions between genes and …

Maternal use of valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy has been implicated in the aetiology
of autism spectrum disorders in children, and rodents prenatally exposed to VPA showed …

Bipolar disorder, one of the most distinct syndromes in psychiatry, has been described in
numerous cultures throughout history. The unique hallmark of the illness is mania, which is …

Autophagy is a vital lysosomal degradation and recycling pathway in the eukaryotic cell,
responsible for maintaining an intricate balance between cell survival and cell death …

Major depression is a debilitating and recurrent disorder with a substantial lifetime risk and a
high social cost. Depressed patients generally display co-morbid symptoms, and depression …

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) affords a noninvasive window on in vivo brain
chemistry and, as such, provides a unique opportunity to gain insight into the biochemical …