Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and IDP regions fail to form a stable structure, yet
they exhibit biological activities. Their mobile flexibility and structural instability are encoded …

Specific interactions between proteins and DNA are fundamental to many biological
processes. In this review, we provide a revised view of protein-DNA interactions that …

INTRODUCTION Nearly all cells in the human body share the same primary genome
sequence consisting of four nucleotide bases. One of the bases, cytosine, is commonly …

Gene expression is regulated by transcription factors (TFs), proteins that recognize short
DNA sequence motifs,,. Such sequences are very common in the human genome, and an …

Hox genes encode evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that are essential for the
proper development of bilaterian organisms. Hox genes are unique because they are …

The recognition of specific DNA sequences by proteins is thought to depend on two types of
mechanism: one that involves the formation of hydrogen bonds with specific bases, primarily …

Members of transcription factor families typically have similar DNA binding specificities yet
execute unique functions in vivo. Transcription factors often bind DNA as multiprotein …

HOX genes convey positional identity that leads to the proper partitioning and adult identity
of the female reproductive track. Abnormalities in reproductive tract development can be …

Heterozygous mutations in NKX2. 5, a homeobox transcription factor, were reported to
cause secundum atrial septal defects and result in atrioventricular (AV) conduction block …

We describe the comprehensive characterization of homeodomain DNA-binding specificities
from a metazoan genome. The analysis of all 84 independent homeodomains from D …