Nanotechnologies have been successfully applied to the treatment of various diseases.
Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PENs) are expected to become effective …

The blood–brain barrier presents a key limitation to the administration of therapeutic
molecules for the treatment of brain disease. While drugs administered orally or …

Pain is the leading cause of medical consultations and occurs in 50–70% of emergency
department visits. To date, several drugs have been used to manage pain. The clinical use …

Peptide drugs through nasal mucous membrane, such as insulin and calcitonin have been
widely used in the medical field. There are always two sides to a coin. One side, intranasal …

Curcumin is a bioactive supplement known to have many medical benefits. However, it has
low bioavailability due to its insolubility and rapid degradation in aqueous solution. In this …

Epinephrine autoinjectors (EAIs) are used for the treatment of severe allergic reactions in a
community setting; however, their utility is limited by low prescription fulfillment rates, failure …

Abstract The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a surge in need for
alternative routes of administration of drugs for end of life and palliative care, particularly in …

Background Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a centrally acting alpha‐2 agonist, is increasingly
used for sedation in multiple clinical settings. Evidence from the intensive care unit and …

Pain is the root cause for the overwhelming majority of emergency department (ED) visits
worldwide. However, pain is often undertreated due to inappropriate analgesic dosing and …

Background: The majority of current nasal delivery devices, commercialized for children, are
developed for adults. Differences in the dose reaching the target are expected due to …