Bacteriocins are potent antimicrobial peptides that are produced by bacteria. Since their
discovery almost a century ago, diverse peptides have been discovered and described, and …

Bacterial infections caused by 'superbugs' are increasing globally, and conventional
antibiotics are becoming less effective against these bacteria, such that we risk entering a …

Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a natural
product class that has undergone significant expansion due to the rapid growth in genome …

Natural microbial communities are phylogenetically and metabolically diverse. In addition to
underexplored organismal groups, this diversity encompasses a rich discovery potential for …

Genetically encoded small molecules (secondary metabolites) play eminent roles in
ecological interactions, as pathogenicity factors and as drug leads. Yet, these chemical …

Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a major
class of natural products with diverse chemical structures and potent biological activities. A …

All organisms produce specialized organic molecules, ranging from small volatile chemicals
to large gene-encoded peptides, that have evolved to provide them with diverse cellular and …

Discovery of antibiotics acting against Gram-negative species is uniquely challenging due to
their restrictive penetration barrier. BamA, which inserts proteins into the outer membrane, is …

It is almost a century since nisin was discovered in fermented milk cultures, coincidentally in
the same year that penicillin was first described. Over the last 100 years this small, highly …

Conspectus Although macrocyclic peptides bearing exotic building blocks have proven their
utility as pharmaceuticals, the sources of macrocyclic peptide drugs have been largely …