Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest threats to human health that, by 2050,
will lead to more deaths from bacterial infections than cancer. New antimicrobial agents …

Protein phosphorylation is a crucial regulator of protein and cellular function, yet, despite
identifying an enormous number of phosphorylation sites, the role of most is still unclear …

One of the most important reactions in organic chemistry—amide bond formation—is often
overlooked as a contemporary challenge because of the widespread occurrence of amides …

The present review offers an overview of nonclassical (eg, with no pre-or in situ activation of
a carboxylic acid partner) approaches for the construction of amide bonds. The review aims …

The native chemical ligation reaction (NCL) involves reacting a C-terminal peptide thioester
with an N-terminal cysteinyl peptide to produce a native peptide bond between the two …

Today, Fmoc SPPS is the method of choice for peptide synthesis. Very‐high‐quality Fmoc
building blocks are available at low cost because of the economies of scale arising from …

Bioconjugation methodologies have proven to play a central enabling role in the recent
development of biotherapeutics and chemical biology approaches. Recent endeavours in …

Native chemical ligation (NCL) provides a highly efficient and robust means to
chemoselectively link unprotected peptide and protein segments to generate proteins. The …

This tutorial review outlines the modern ligation methods that enable the efficient total
chemical synthesis of enzymes and other protein molecules. Key to this success is the …

This Review explores the class of plant-derived macrocyclic peptides called cyclotides. We
include an account of their discovery, characterization, and distribution in the plant kingdom …