The concentration and distribution of water in the Earth has influenced its evolution
throughout its history. Even at the trace levels contained in the planet's deep interior (mantle …

The current state and surface conditions of the Earth and its twin planet Venus are drastically
different. Whether these differences are directly inherited from the earliest stages of …

The style and evolution of volcanic eruptions are dictated by the fluid mechanics governing
magma ascent. Decompression during ascent causes dissolved volatile species, such as …

Volcanic eruptions can be either slow outpourings of lava or explosive ejections of
fragmented rock. In his Perspective, Dingwell discusses the physical and chemical …

▪ Abstract The recent recognition of a potentially vast, unexplored hot microbial biosphere
associated with active volcanism along the global mid-ocean ridge network has …

Fragmentation, or the" coming apart" of magma during a plinian eruption, remains one of the
least understood processes in volcanology, although assumptions about the timing and …

Two contrasting models of the dynamics of explosive basaltic eruptions are in current usage.
These are referred to as the rise speed dependent (RSD) model and the collapsing foam …

Experiments of H2O solubility in synthetic haplogranitic and natural rhyolitic melts were
conducted at 700–1200° C and 0.098–25 MPa. Attainment of equilibrium was proven by …

In the broadest sense, volcanic eruptions are either effusive or explosive. During explosive
eruptions magma fragments and eruption intensity is ultimately related to the fragmentation …

The mass of sulfur dioxide (SO2) released by most explosive volcanic eruptions greatly
exceeds the amount originally dissolved in the erupted volume of silicate melt. Several lines …