In animals, PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) of 21–35 nucleotides in length silence
transposable elements, regulate gene expression and fight viral infection. piRNAs guide …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are∼ 22 nt RNAs that direct posttranscriptional repression of mRNA
targets in diverse eukaryotic lineages. In humans and other mammals, these small RNAs …

We describe an update of MirGeneDB, the manually curated microRNA gene database.
Adhering to uniform and consistent criteria for microRNA annotation and nomenclature, we …

INTRODUCTION Epigenetic modifications to chromatin, such as the methylation of DNA
cytosines, carry regulatory information across the generations in plants and animals …

In animals, small RNA molecules termed PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) silence
transposable elements (TEs), protecting the germline from genomic instability and mutation …

Drosophila melanogaster is a valuable invertebrate model for viral infection and antiviral
immunity, and is a focus for studies of insect-virus coevolution. Here we use a metagenomic …

Tardigrades are meiofaunal ecdysozoans that are key to understanding the origins of
Arthropoda. Many species of Tardigrada can survive extreme conditions through …

Parasitic nematodes have an intimate, chronic and lifelong exposure to vertebrate tissues.
Here we mined 41 published parasitic nematode transcriptomes from vertebrate hosts and …

In animals, PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) guide PIWI proteins to silence transposons and
regulate gene expression. The mechanisms for making piRNAs have been proposed to …

Plant small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) communicate from cell to cell and travel long
distances through the vasculature. However, siRNA movement into germ cells has remained …