[HTML][HTML] The MIC-1/GDF15-GFRAL pathway in energy homeostasis: implications for obesity, cachexia, and other associated diseases

VWW Tsai, Y Husaini, A Sainsbury, DA Brown, SN Breit - Cell metabolism, 2018 - cell.com
MIC-1/GDF15 is a stress response cytokine and a distant member of the transforming growth
factor beta (TGFb) superfamily, with no close relatives. It acts via a recently identified …

GDF‐15 as a target and biomarker for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: a translational prospective

R Adela, SK Banerjee - Journal of diabetes research, 2015 - Wiley Online Library
Growth differentiation factor‐15 (GDF‐15) is a stress responsive cytokine. It is highly
expressed in cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and vascular …

[HTML][HTML] GDF15 provides an endocrine signal of nutritional stress in mice and humans

S Patel, A Alvarez-Guaita, A Melvin, D Rimmington… - Cell metabolism, 2019 - cell.com
GDF15 is an established biomarker of cellular stress. The fact that it signals via a specific
hindbrain receptor, GFRAL, and that mice lacking GDF15 manifest diet-induced obesity …

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT-mediated activation of estrogen receptor α: a new model for anti-estrogen resistance

RA Campbell, P Bhat-Nakshatri, NM Patel… - Journal of Biological …, 2001 - ASBMB
Estrogen receptors (ERs) mediate most of the biological effects of estrogen in mammary and
uterine epithelial cells by binding to estrogen response elements in the promoter region of …

[HTML][HTML] GDF15 induces anorexia through nausea and emesis

T Borner, ED Shaulson, MY Ghidewon, AB Barnett… - Cell metabolism, 2020 - cell.com
Summary Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a cytokine that reduces food intake
through activation of hindbrain GFRAL-RET receptors and has become a keen target of …

GDF-15 is an inhibitor of leukocyte integrin activation required for survival after myocardial infarction in mice

T Kempf, A Zarbock, C Widera, S Butz, A Stadtmann… - Nature medicine, 2011 - nature.com
Inflammatory cell recruitment after myocardial infarction needs to be tightly controlled to
permit infarct healing while avoiding fatal complications such as cardiac rupture. Growth …

[PDF][PDF] GDF15: a hormone conveying somatic distress to the brain

SM Lockhart, V Saudek, S O'Rahilly - Endocrine reviews, 2020 - academic.oup.com
GDF15 has recently gained scientific and translational prominence with the discovery that its
receptor is a GFRAL-RET heterodimer of which GFRAL is expressed solely in the hindbrain …

Pathophysiological role of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in obesity, cancer, and cachexia

JA Siddiqui, R Pothuraju, P Khan, G Sharma… - Cytokine & growth factor …, 2022 - Elsevier
Growth differentiation factor 15 or macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (GDF15/MIC-1) is a
divergent member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily and has a diverse …

Systemic immunometabolism: challenges and opportunities

A Lercher, H Baazim, A Bergthaler - Immunity, 2020 - cell.com
Over the past 10 years, the field of immunometabolism made great strides to unveil the
crucial role of intracellular metabolism in regulating immune cell function. Emerging insights …

The multiple facets of the TGF-β family cytokine growth/differentiation factor-15/macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1

K Unsicker, B Spittau, K Krieglstein - Cytokine & growth factor reviews, 2013 - Elsevier
Abstract GDF-15 (also MIC-1, NAG-1, PLAB, PTGFB) is a member of the TGF-β superfamily,
which is widely distributed in mammalian tissues and has been shown to play multiple roles …