A new scientific frontier opened in 2009 with the start of operations of the world's first x-ray
free-electron laser (FEL), the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), at SLAC National …

Active research is ongoing that investigates the properties of matter under extreme pressure.
Such condensed matter is found inside planets at millions of atmospheres and thousands of …

Simultaneously enhancing strength and ductility of metals and alloys has been a
tremendous challenge. Here, we investigate a CoCuFeNiPd high-entropy alloy (HEA), using …

Carbon is the fourth-most prevalent element in the Universe and essential for all known life.
In the elemental form it is found in multiple allotropes, including graphite, diamond and …

Laser-wakefield accelerators (LWFAs) were proposed more than three decades ago, and
while they promise to deliver compact, high energy particle accelerators, they will also …

The knowledge of the coordination environment around various atomic species in many
functional materials provides a key for explaining their properties and working mechanisms …

Formed in the aftermath of gravitational core-collapse supernova explosions, neutron stars
are unique cosmic laboratories for probing the properties of matter under extreme conditions …

Dynamic-compression experiments on geological materials are important for understanding
the composition and physical state of the deep interior of the Earth and other planets. These …

Carbon is one of the most important elements for both industrial applications and
fundamental research, including life, physics, chemistry, materials, and even planetary …

Spectroscopic measurements of dense plasmas at billions of atmospheres provide tests to
our fundamental understanding of how matter behaves at extreme conditions. Develo** …