Saudi Arabia diverse landforms include saltmarshes, sand dunes, desert plains, desert
pavements, ancient lava fields, and mountains. Climate is influenced by winter Polar and …

Wadi Al-Jufair, a tributary of Wadi Nisah, is one of the important wadis of Najd region (Saudi
Arabia) sheltering a rich diversity of higher plants. The study area is extended into …

Abstract Wadi Al-Noman in Mecca is one of the most important wadis. It was included among
the most important water sources where the springs and wells of Zobida run and it provides …

This advanced textbook explores the intriguing flora and plant ecology of the Middle East,
framed by a changing desert landscape, global climate change, and the arc of human …

This study examines the mode of foredune development along~ 3,500 km of the west African
and the Canary Islands coasts. Foredune modes are classified into either continuous and …

Question The ephemeral layer is an important component of the plant community in cold
deserts. Conventional wisdom has it that the ephemeral layer primarily depends on early …

This study examines the role of sediment supply in controlling the formation and the spatial
patterns of nebkha, numbers and sizes, present in foredunes fronting coastal dunefields of …

Foredunes are formed by aeolian sand deposition in vegetation on the backshore of
beaches. In this paper, the foredune mode (nebkha, discontinuous foredune, and …

Abstract Sand seas of Saudi Arabia cover about one-third of the Arabian Peninsula and are
still poorly explored in scientific literature. This study aimed to address the floristic structure …

The present study aimed to determine floristic composition, the structure of the vegetation,
and species distribution at 16 sample plots in Wadi Fatimah, Mecca, Saudi Arabia …