The landscape of fear (LOF) concept posits that prey navigate spatial heterogeneity in
perceived predation risk, balancing risk mitigation against other activities necessary for …

Non‐consumptive predator effects (NCEs) are now widely recognised for their capacity to
shape ecosystem structure and function. Yet, forecasting the propagation of these predator …

Human activities catalyse risk avoidance behaviours in wildlife across taxa and systems.
However, the broader ecological significance of human‐induced risk perception remains …

Highlights•Species in communities generally must trade-off foraging and avoiding
predators.•Individuals within species vary in their physiological and morphological …

Predator–prey interactions are the most common phenomena in the natural population,
which are widely exploited for control of economically damaging pest species in an eco …

The starvation–predation hypothesis predicts that, during resource shortages, prey forego
antipredator behavior and forage as much as possible to avoid starvation, even when risk of …

We studied a delayed predator–prey model with diffusion and anti-predator behavior.
Assume that additional food is provided for predator population. Then the stability of the …

Herbivores balance forage acquisition with the need to avoid predation, often leading to
tradeoffs between forgoing resources to avoid areas of high predation risk, or tolerating …

Sessile invertebrate prey that detect waterborne predator cues often respond by
strengthening their structural defenses. Experimental evidence of the functional significance …

Because phenotypic plasticity can operate both within and between generations, phenotypic
outcomes are often shaped by a complex history of environmental signals. For example …