The discovery of pulsars opened a new research field that allows studying a wide range of
physics under extreme conditions. More than 3,000 pulsars are currently known, including …

The collection of individually resolvable gravitational wave (GW) events makes up a tiny
fraction of all GW signals that reach our detectors, while most lie below the confusion limit …

We report multiple lines of evidence for a stochastic signal that is correlated among 67
pulsars from the 15 yr pulsar timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz …

We present the results of the search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave
background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies using the second data release of the European …

Observing and timing a group of millisecond pulsars with high rotational stability enables the
direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). The GW signals can be identified from the …

Pulsar timing arrays offer a probe of the low-frequency gravitational wave spectrum (1–100
nHz), which is intimately connected to a number of markers that can uniquely trace the …

The noise in millisecond pulsar (MSP) timing data can include contributions from observing
instruments, the interstellar medium, the solar wind, solar system ephemeris errors, and the …

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are galactic-scale gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Each
individual arm, composed of a millisecond pulsar, a radio telescope, and a kiloparsecs-long …

We searched for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background in the second data
release of the International Pulsar Timing Array, a global collaboration synthesizing decadal …

Aims. The nanohertz gravitational wave background (GWB) is expected to be an aggregate
signal of an ensemble of gravitational waves emitted predominantly by a large population of …