Numerous mitochondrial constituents and metabolic products can function as damage-
associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and promote inflammation when released into the …

Death is the inevitable fate of all living organisms, whether at the individual or cellular level.
For a long time, cell death was believed to be an undesirable but unavoidable final outcome …

Autoreactive B cells and interferons are central players in systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE) pathogenesis. The partial success of drugs targeting these pathways, however …

Mitochondria play important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and skeletal muscle
health, and damage to mitochondria can lead to a series of pathophysiological changes …

Cellular immune responses consist of innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune
mechanisms, where all leukocyte subpopulations are included. Among these are vital …

Autophagy is a core molecular pathway for the preservation of cellular and organismal
homeostasis. Pharmacological and genetic interventions impairing autophagy responses …

The demise of cells in various ways enables the body to clear unwanted cells. Studies over
the years revealed distinctive molecular mechanisms and functional consequences of …

Aging is a dynamic, time-dependent process that is characterized by a gradual accumulation
of cell damage. Continual functional decline in the intrinsic ability of living organisms to …

Gastric cancer remains a major unmet clinical problem with over 1 million new cases
worldwide. It is the fourth most commonly occurring cancer in men and the seventh most …

As the essential regulators of organ fibrosis, macrophages undergo marked phenotypic and
functional changes after organ injury. These changes in macrophage phenotype and …