Gastric cancer (GC) is defined as the primary epithelial malignancy derived from the
stomach, and it is a complicated and heterogeneous disease with multiple risk factors …

Epidemiological studies indicate that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is
associated with the incidence of changes in intestinal health. Cigarette smoking, as one of …

The human microbiome harbors a diverse array of microbes which establishes a mutually
beneficial relation with the host in healthy conditions, however, the dynamic homeostasis is …

Smoking is relevant to infectious diseases resulting in increased prevalence and mortality. In
this article, we aim to provide an overview of the effects of smoking in various infections and …

Drug resistance develops in nearly all patients with colon cancer, leading to a decrease in
the therapeutic efficacies of anticancer agents. This review provides an up-to-date summary …

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for gastrointestinal disorders, such as peptic ulcer,
Crohn's disease (CD), and several cancers. The mechanisms proposed to explain the role of …

Objective To develop a gastric cancer (GC) risk prediction rule as an initial prescreening tool
to identify individuals with a high risk prior to gastroscopy. Design This was a nationwide …

Objective: Tobacco cigarette smoking is one of the major leading causes of death
throughout the world. Smoking has both acute and chronic effect on haematological …

Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous and prevalent disease. The traditional environmental
exposures associated with an elevated risk of gastric cancer are less prevalent in the United …

Recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease
(IBD) have highlighted the complex interplay between the genome, the epigenome, and the …