Epigenetics is the branch of genetics that studies the different mechanisms that influence
gene expression without direct modification of the DNA sequence. An ever-increasing …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness characterized by changes in mood that
alternate between mania and hypomania or between depression and mixed states, often …

Abstract Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is widely distributed in nature, especially in a variety of food
commodities. It is confirmed to be the most toxic of all the aflatoxins. The toxicity of AFB1 has …

Central nervous system (CNS) disorders are some of the most complex and challenging
diseases because of the intricate structure and functions of the CNS. Long non-coding RNA …

The presence of human-made chemical contaminants in the environment has increased
rapidly during the past 70 years. Harmful effects of such contaminants were first reported in …

Background Epigenetic mechanisms have been suggested to play a key role in the
pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD), among which microRNAs (miRNAs) may be of …

Over the past two decades, numerous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified in
different biological systems including virology, especially in large DNA viruses such as …

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that RNA-RNA interactions are vital in controlling
diverse biological processes, including transcription, RNA splicing and protein translation …

Myocardial infarction (MI), a major global cause of mortality and morbidity, continues to pose
a significant burden on public health. Despite advances in understanding its pathogenesis …

The central dogma states that genes encoded in the DNA should be first transcribed into
messenger RNA (mRNA) and then translated into functional proteins (Crick, 1970). This …