Abstract The South American Dry Diagonal, also called the Diagonal of Open Formations, is
a large region of seasonally dry vegetation extending from northeastern Brazil to northern …

In this contribution, the aspects of reptile and amphibian speciation that emerged from
research performed over the past decade are reviewed. First, this study assesses how …

The nature and definition of species continue to be matters of debate. Current views of
species often focus on their nature as lineages—maximal reproductive communities through …

Covering ancient geomorphological landscapes, and surrounded by some of the most
diverse forests on Earth, the Neotropical savannas were once perceived by naturalists as …

Only a small fraction of the species on Earth is known (Linnean shortfall), while geographic
ranges of already described species are poorly documented (Wallacean shortfall). While the …

In the last decades research efforts studying Amazonian biodiversity have increased
substantially, with many new localities surveyed, new specimens collected, and some new …

Although the impact of Pleistocene glacial cycles on the diversification of the tropical biota
was once dismissed, increasing evidence suggests that Pleistocene climatic fluctuations …

Ecological requirements and environmental conditions can influence diversification across
temporal and spatial scales. Understanding the role of ecological niche evolution under …

The recognition of cryptic diversity within geographically widespread species is gradually
becoming a trend in the highly speciose Neotropical biomes. The statistical methods to …

Background Invasive species can have devastating effects on native ecosystems and
therefore impose a significant threat to human welfare. The introduction rate of invasive …