Abstract Systems that are intelligent have the ability to sense their surroundings, analyze,
and respond accordingly. In nature, many biological systems are considered intelligent (eg …

Dramatic physical changes may take place upon the occurrence of oxidation reactions in a
polymer, for example, solubilization or crosslinking. These effects can be used to perform …

Stimuli-responsive polymers are capable of translating changes in their local environment to
changes in their chemical and/or physical properties. This ability allows stimuli-responsive …

Driven by advances in materials and computer science, researchers are attempting to
design systems where the computer and material are one and the same entity. Using …

The previously reported gel and polymer actuators require external inputs, such as batteries,
circuits, electronic circuits, etc., compared with autonomous motions produced by the living …

Patterns and morphology develop in living systems such as embryos in response to
chemical signals. To understand and exploit the interplay of chemical reactions with …

Species ranging from single-cell organisms to social insects can undergo auto-chemotaxis,
where the entities move towards a chemo-attractant that they themselves emit. Polymer gels …

Periprosthetic bone loss in response to total hip arthroplasty is a serious complication
compromising patient's life quality as it may cause the premature failure of the implant …

A model is developed for the mechanical response of hydrogels whose deformation is
accompanied by swelling–shrinkage driven by the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction. A …

Communication in biological systems typically involves enzymatic reactions that occur within
fluids confined between the soft, elastic walls of bio-channels and chambers. Through the …