Bottom trawling is the most widespread human activity affecting seabed habitats. Here, we
collate all available data for experimental and comparative studies of trawling impacts on …

Deep-sea fisheries operate globally throughout the world's oceans, chiefly targeting stocks
on the upper and mid-continental slope and offshore seamounts. Major commercial fisheries …

To understand ecosystem responses to anthropogenic global change, a prevailing
framework is the definition of threshold levels of pressure, above which response …

Bottom trawlers land around 19 million tons of fish and invertebrates annually, almost one-
quarter of wild marine landings. The extent of bottom trawling footprint (seabed area trawled …

With increasing demand for mineral resources, extraction of polymetallic sulphides at
hydrothermal vents, cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts at seamounts, and polymetallic …

Map** trawling pressure on the benthic habitats is needed as background to support an
ecosystem approach to fisheries management. The extent and intensity of bottom trawling …

Submarine power cables (SPC) have been in use since the mid-19th century, but
environmental concerns about them are much more recent. With the development of marine …

Commercial-scale mining for polymetallic nodules could have a major impact on the deep-
sea environment, but the effects of these mining activities on deep-sea ecosystems are very …

Fisheries and aquaculture production, imports, exports and equitability of distribution
determine the supply of aquatic food to people. Aquatic food security is achieved when a …

Bottom trawling is widespread globally and impacts seabed habitats. However, risks from
trawling remain unquantified at large scales in most regions. We address these issues by …