Lead (Pb) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant and a potent toxic compound. Humans are
exposed to Pb through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact via food, water, tobacco …

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are widespread harmful atmospheric pollutants, which
have long been concerned and elucidated to be one of the risks of acute and chronic …

Current approaches for the assessment of environmental and human health risks due to
exposure to chemical substances have served their purpose reasonably well. Nevertheless …

Food contact materials (FCMs) and food contact articles are ubiquitous in today's globalized
food system. Chemicals migrate from FCMs into foodstuffs, so called food contact chemicals …

Exposure to multiple environmental pollutants is ubiquitous and inevitable, but studies
investigating their exposure effects on oxidative stress or inflammation have mainly been …

Human biomonitoring (HBM) is a crucial approach for exposure assessment, as emphasised
in the European Commission's Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability (CSS). HBM can help to …

The increased awareness about possible health effects arising from micro-and nanoplastics
(MNPs) pollution is driving a huge amount of studies. Many international efforts are in place …

One of the aims of the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative, HBM4EU, was to provide
examples of and good practices for the effective use of human biomonitoring (HBM) data in …

Conventional chemical techniques have inherent limitations in detecting unknown chemical
substances in water. As a result, effect-based methods have emerged as a viable alternative …

Human biomonitoring (HBM) studies have highlighted widespread daily exposure to
environmental chemicals. Some of these are suspected to contribute to adverse health …