Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer (BC)
with a poor prognosis. Current treatment options are limited to surgery, adjuvant …

The approval of the first immune checkpoint inhibitors provided a paradigm shift for the
treatment of malignancies across a broad range of indications. Whereas initially, single …

Tumours display an astonishing variation in the spatial distribution, composition and
activation state of immune cells, which impacts their progression and response to …

Doxorubicin (DOX) constitutes the major constituent of anti-cancer treatment regimens
currently in clinical use. However, the precise mechanisms of DOX's action are not fully …

Tumor immunotherapy is only effective in a fraction of patients due to a low response rate
and severe side effects, and these challenges of immunotherapy in clinics can be addressed …

In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has made significant progress. However, tumor
immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (eg, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors) …

Autophagy is a core molecular pathway for the preservation of cellular and organismal
homeostasis. Pharmacological and genetic interventions impairing autophagy responses …

Recently, in the field of cancer treatment, the paradigm has changed to immunotherapy that
activates the immune system to induce cancer attacks. Among them, immune checkpoint …

Immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and adoptive cell therapy
(ACT) have revolutionized cancer treatment, especially in patients whose disease was …

Growing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota modulates the efficacy and toxicity of
cancer therapy, most notably immunotherapy and its immune-related adverse effects. The …