Phagocytes form a family of immune cells that play a crucial role in tissue maintenance and
help orchestrate the immune response. This family of cells can be separated by their nuclear …

SUMMARY HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 share many similarities including their basic gene
arrangement, modes of transmission, intracellular replication pathways and clinical …

Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is highly effective at suppressing HIV-1 replication, the
virus persists as a latent reservoir in resting CD4+ T cells during therapy. This reservoir …

Establishing a CD8+ T cell–mediated immune correlate of protection in HIV disease is
crucial to the development of vaccines designed to generate cell-mediated immunity …

During the past 6 years, there have been substantial advances in our understanding of
human immunodeficiency virus 1 and other viruses, such as hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C …

The HIV-1 pandemic is a complex mix of diverse epidemics within and between countries
and regions of the world, and is undoubtedly the defining public-health crisis of our time …

Although generalized T-cell activation is an important factor in chronic HIV disease
pathogenesis, its role in primary infection remains poorly defined. To investigate the effect of …

Background: HIV-1 infection is characterized by chronic generalized CD8 and CD4 T cell
hyperactivation, the biological effect of which is not understood. Objective: To study the …

Systemic immune activation has emerged as an essential component of the
immunopathogenesis of HIV. It not only leads to faster disease progression, but also to …

▪ Abstract In the absence of antiretroviral treatment, HIV-1 establishes a chronic, progressive
infection of the human immune system that invariably, over the course of years, leads to its …