The unprecedented public health and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic caused
by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been …

The current COVID-19 pandemic began in December 2019 in Wuhan (China) and rapidly
extended to become a global sanitary and economic emergency. Its etiological agent is the …

SARS-CoV-2 entry requires sequential cleavage of the spike glycoprotein at the S1/S2 and
the S2ʹ cleavage sites to mediate membrane fusion. SARS-CoV-2 has a polybasic insertion …

The outbreaks of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2
infection have posed a severe threat to global public health. It is unclear how the human …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the
current COVID-19 pandemic. An unbalanced immune response, characterized by a weak …

Severe cases of COVID‐19 are associated with extensive lung damage and the presence of
infected multinucleated syncytial pneumocytes. The viral and cellular mechanisms …

Most viral pathogens in humans have animal origins and arose through cross-species
transmission. Over the past 50 years, several viruses, including Ebola virus, Marburg virus …

ABSTRACT The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the novel SARS-
CoV-2 virus, is now causing a tremendous global health concern. Since its first appearance …

COVID-19 emerged from China in December 2019 and during 2020 spread to every
continent including Antarctica. The coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has been identified as the …

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe
outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly …