As a subfield of machine learning, reinforcement learning (RL) aims at optimizing decision
making by using interaction samples of an agent with its environment and the potentially …

Discovering new treatments and personalizing existing ones is one of the major goals of
modern clinical research. In the last decade, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has enabled the …

Background Reinforcement learning (RL) is a computational approach to understanding and
automating goal-directed learning and decision-making. It is designed for problems which …

The rise of chronic disease patients and the pandemic pose immediate threats to healthcare
expenditure and mortality rates. This calls for transforming healthcare systems away from …

Blood glucose control, for example, in diabetes mellitus or severe illness, requires strict
adherence to a protocol of food, insulin administration and exercise personalized to each …

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by chronic insulin deficiency
and consequent hyperglycemia. Patients with T1DM require long-term exogenous insulin …

Background and objectives The hybrid artificial pancreas regulates glucose levels in people
with type 1 diabetes. It delivers (i) insulin boluses at meal times based on the meals' …

Many individuals with diabetes on multiple daily insulin injections therapy use carbohydrate
ratios (CRs) and correction factors (CFs) to determine mealtime and correction insulin …

External insulin administration is an effective way for patients with diabetes mellitus to
regulate their blood glucose. Multiple daily injections (MDIs), sensor-augmented pump …

Abstract This study proposes Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) based type 1
diabetes mellitus system utilizing the nonlinear Bergman minimal model with proportional …