The ventral tegmental area dopamine (VTA-DA) mesolimbic circuit processes emotional,
motivational, and social reward associations together with their more demanding cognitive …

Anhedonia is one of the core symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD), which is often
inadequately treated by traditional antidepressants. The modern framework of anhedonia …

Chronic stress-induced emotional disorders like anxiety and depression involve imbalances
between the excitatory glutamatergic system and the inhibitory GABAergic system in the …

Anhedonia, as evidenced by impaired pleasurable response to reward, reduced reward
motivation, and/or deficits in reward-related learning, is a common feature of depression …

The inability to experience pleasure or interest in activities (commonly referred to in clinical
settings as anhedonia) is characteristic of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder …

Drug addiction has been defined as a chronically relapsing disorder that is characterized by
a compulsion to seek and take a drug or stimulus, the loss of control in limiting intake, and …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is usually considered a psychiatric disorder upon
emotional trauma. However, with the rising number of conflicts and traffic accidents around …

Both human and animal studies support the relationship between depression and reward
processing abnormalities, giving rise to the expectation that neural signals of these …

Eating disorders are evolutionarily novel conditions. They lead to some of the highest
mortality rates of all psychiatric disorders. Several evolutionary hypotheses have been …

Low-threshold mechanosensory C-fibres, C-tactile afferents (CTs), respond optimally to
sensations associated with a human caress. Additionally, CT-stimulation activates brain …