Large language models in medicine

AJ Thirunavukarasu, DSJ Ting, K Elangovan… - Nature medicine, 2023 - nature.com
Large language models (LLMs) can respond to free-text queries without being specifically
trained in the task in question, causing excitement and concern about their use in healthcare …

Machine learning for synthetic data generation: a review

Y Lu, M Shen, H Wang, X Wang, C van Rechem… - ar** review and ethics checklist
Y Ning, S Teixayavong, Y Shang… - The Lancet Digital …, 2024 - thelancet.com
The widespread use of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (known as ChatGPT) and
other emerging technology that is powered by generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has …

Synthesize high-dimensional longitudinal electronic health records via hierarchical autoregressive language model

B Theodorou, C **ao, J Sun - Nature communications, 2023 - nature.com
Synthetic electronic health records (EHRs) that are both realistic and privacy-preserving
offer alternatives to real EHRs for machine learning (ML) and statistical analysis. However …

Generating synthetic mixed-type longitudinal electronic health records for artificial intelligent applications

J Li, BJ Cairns, J Li, T Zhu - NPJ digital medicine, 2023 - nature.com
The recent availability of electronic health records (EHRs) have provided enormous
opportunities to develop artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. However, patient privacy has …

[HTML][HTML] Can i trust my fake data–a comprehensive quality assessment framework for synthetic tabular data in healthcare

VB Vallevik, A Babic, SE Marshall, E Severin… - International Journal of …, 2024 - Elsevier
Background Ensuring safe adoption of AI tools in healthcare hinges on access to sufficient
data for training, testing and validation. Synthetic data has been suggested in response to …

[HTML][HTML] Applications and Concerns of ChatGPT and Other Conversational Large Language Models in Health Care: Systematic Review

L Wang, Z Wan, C Ni, Q Song, Y Li, E Clayton… - Journal of Medical …, 2024 - jmir.org
Background The launch of ChatGPT (OpenAI) in November 2022 attracted public attention
and academic interest to large language models (LLMs), facilitating the emergence of many …

Twin: Personalized clinical trial digital twin generation

T Das, Z Wang, J Sun - Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGKDD …, 2023 - dl.acm.org
Clinical trial digital twins are virtual patients that reflect personal characteristics in a high
degree of granularity and can be used to simulate various patient outcomes under different …

[HTML][HTML] Generating synthetic clinical data that capture class imbalanced distributions with generative adversarial networks: example using antiretroviral therapy for …

I Nicholas, H Kuo, F Garcia, A Sönnerborg… - Journal of Biomedical …, 2023 - Elsevier
Objective: Clinical data's confidential nature often limits the development of machine
learning models in healthcare. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) can synthesise …