The Mediator complex, which in humans is 1.4 MDa in size and includes 26 subunits,
controls many aspects of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function. Apart from its size, a defining …

cis-Regulatory elements encode the genomic blueprints that ensure the proper
spatiotemporal patterning of gene expression necessary for appropriate development and …

Components of transcriptional machinery are selectively partitioned into specific
condensates, often mediated by protein disorder, yet we know little about how this specificity …

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has become a powerful technology to quantify
the entire complement of proteins in cells or tissues. Here, we review challenges and recent …

Regulation of biological processes typically incorporates mechanisms that initiate and
terminate the process and, where understood, these mechanisms often involve feedback …

Chromosome structure in mammals is thought to regulate transcription by modulating three-
dimensional interactions between enhancers and promoters, notably through CTCF …

Cell differentiation and function are regulated across multiple layers of gene regulation,
including modulation of gene expression by changes in chromatin accessibility. However …

Differential gene expression mechanisms ensure cellular differentiation and plasticity to
shape ontogenetic and phylogenetic diversity of cell types. A key regulator of differential …

Nuclear processes such as DNA replication, transcription, and RNA processing each
depend on the concerted action of many different protein and RNA molecules. How …

Large-scale sequencing of RNA from individual cells can reveal patterns of gene, isoform
and allelic expression across cell types and states. However, current short-read single-cell …