Heavy metal exist naturally in environment, but due to human and some natural activities
they have been entered to water bodies, air and soil and have become one of the major …

Direct or indirect exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the forms of AsIII (arsenite) and AsV
(arsenate) through consumption of As-contaminated food materials and drinking water leads …

In the crust of earth, silicon (Si) is one of the two major elements. For plant growth and
development, importance of Si remains controversial due to the widely differences in ability …

Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for plants, which plays an important role in
photosynthesis, respiration and antioxidant system. It is a vital component of many enzymes …

Jasmonates (JAs) are naturally occurring plant growth regulators and ubiquitous in plant
kingdom. JAs are involved in the improvement of crop performance under natural and …

Cadmium (Cd) is a potentially hazardous element with substantial biological toxicity,
adversely affecting plant growth and physiological metabolism. Therefore, it is necessary to …

Natural extracts and biostimulants have recently been used to enhance growth and
productivity of stressed plants. A pots trial was performed to verify the impacts of maize grain …

Jasmonates (JAs) are universally known lipid-derived phytohormones which regulate
overall plant growth under both abiotic and biotic stresses. They are helpful in develo** …

Graphene has excellent unique thermal, chemical, optical, and mechanical properties such
as high thermal conductivity, high chemical stability, optical transmittance, high current …

Salinity limits germination and plant growth and development in 45 million ha worldwide.
Techniques to overcome this problem are needed. This project investigated the effects of …