Sea ice is an essential component of the Arctic climate system. The Arctic sea ice cover has
undergone substantial changes in the past 40+ years, including decline in areal extent in all …

Abstract The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Operation IceBridge
(OIB) was a 13‐year (2009–2021) airborne mission to survey land and sea ice across the …

Arctic sea ice is diminishing with climate warming at a rate unmatched for at least 1,000
years. As the receding ice pack raises commercial interest in the Arctic, it has become more …

Information about sea ice surface topography and related deformation is crucial for studies
of sea ice mass balance, sea ice modeling, and ship navigation through the ice pack. The …

Although snow depth on sea ice is a key parameter for sea ice thickness (SIT) retrieval, there
currently does not exist reliable estimations. In the Arctic, nearly all SIT products use a snow …

Fram Strait is the major gateway connecting the Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean,
where nearly 90% of the sea ice export from the Arctic Ocean takes place. The exported sea …

Satellite observations of pan-Arctic sea ice thickness have so far been constrained to winter
months. For radar altimeters, conventional methods cannot differentiate leads from …

Abstract The ICESat-2 (IS2) ATL07 sea ice height product provides precise and accurate
measurements of sea ice height for the polar regions. Although the original ATL07 product …

Mean sea ice thickness is a sensitive indicator of Arctic climate change and is in long-term
decline despite significant interannual variability. Current thickness estimations from satellite …

Knowledge of sea-ice thickness and volume depends on freeboard observations from
satellite altimeters and in turn on information of snow mass and sea-ice density required for …