The triggering of innate immune mechanisms is emerging as a crucial component of major
neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia and other cell types in the brain can be activated in …

Macrophages are important players in the fight against viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic
infections. From a resting state they may undertake two activation pathways, the classical …

The potential for positron emission tomography (PET) to detect neuroinflammation in vivo
has sparked a remarkable interest in various disciplines of neuroscience. Early PET …

Alpha‐synucleinopathies (ASP) are neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by
accumulation of misfolded α‐synuclein, selective neuronal loss, and extensive gliosis. It is …

Mounting evidence indicates that microglial activation contributes to neuronal damage in
neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies show that in response to certain environmental …

Two centuries ago in 1817, James Parkinson provided the first medical description of
Parkinson's disease, later refined by Jean-Martin Charcot in the mid-to-late 19th century to …

Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical Parkinsonian syndromes are progressive
heterogeneous neurodegenerative diseases that share clinical characteristic of …

Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with
akinesia, tremor and rigidity. While the characteristic Lewy body pathology targets …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an orphan, fatal, adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder of
uncertain etiology that is clinically characterized by various combinations of parkinsonism …

Microglial activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of ALS and can be detected in animal
models of the disease that demonstrate increased survival when treated with anti …