Refining a metal's grain size can result in dramatic increases in strength, and the magnitude
of this strengthening increment can be estimated using the Hall–Petch equation. Since the …

Forming alloys with impurity elements is a routine method for modifying the properties of
metals. An alternative approach involves the incorporation of interfaces into the crystalline …

Oxygen, one of the most abundant elements on Earth, often forms an undesired interstitial
impurity or ceramic phase (such as an oxide particle) in metallic materials. Even when it …

Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys usually show relatively low strength and poor ductility at
room temperature due to their anisotropic hexagonal close-packed (HCP) crystal structure …

Recent studies indicated that high-entropy alloys (HEAs) possess unusual structural and
thermal features, which could greatly affect dislocation motion and contribute to the …

The expected excellent tribological performance of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is rarely
achieved due to the absence of self-lubricating ability on the worn surface. In particular, the …

A series of six-component (FeCoNiCrMn) 100− x Al x (x= 0–20 at.%) high-entropy alloys
(HEAs) was synthesized to investigate the alloying effect of Al on the structure and tensile …

Abstract Interstitials, eg, C, N, and O, are attractive alloying elements as small atoms on
interstitial sites create strong lattice distortions and hence substantially strengthen metals …

Metals usually exist in the form of polycrystalline solids, which are thermodynamically
unstable because of the presence of disordered grain boundaries. Grain boundaries tend to …

Strengthening materials traditionally involves the controlled creation of internal defects and
boundaries so as to obstruct dislocation motion. Such strategies invariably compromise …