Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism primarily involves the kynurenine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and
indole pathways. A variety of bioactive compounds produced via Trp metabolism can …

The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. The vast
genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every …

Gut bacteria play an important role in the digestion of food, immune activation, and
regulation of entero-endocrine signaling pathways, but also communicate with the central …

Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the
gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that the gut and brain are in constant …

Neurotransmitters are molecules that amplify, transmit, and convert signals in cells, having
an essential role in information transmission throughout the nervous system. Hundreds of …

Alterations in the gut microbiota composition have been associated with a range of
neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The gut microbes …

Cognitive function in humans depends on the complex and interplay between multiple body
systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The gut microbiota, which …

Bile acids regulate nutrient absorption and mitochondrial function, they establish and
maintain gut microbial community composition and mediate inflammation, and they serve as …

The gut-brain axis plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis. Many intrinsic and
extrinsic factors influence signaling along this axis, modulating the function of both the …

The gut microbiota contributes to host physiology through the production of a myriad of
metabolites. These metabolites exert their effects within the host as signalling molecules and …