Nitrification, the aerobic oxidation of ammonia to nitrate via nitrite, has been suggested to
have been a central part of the global biogeochemical nitrogen cycle since the oxygenation …

Nitrogen (N) is a key element for life in the oceans. It controls primary productivity in many
parts of the global ocean, consequently playing a crucial role in the uptake of atmospheric …

Microbes are difficult to culture. Consequently, the primary source of information about a
fundamental evolutionary topic, life's diversity, is the environmental distribution of gene …

Microorganisms play important roles in the nitrogen cycles of various ecosystems. Research
has revealed that a greater diversity of microorganisms is involved in the nitrogen cycle than …

For more than 100 years it was believed that bacteria were the only group responsible for
the oxidation of ammonia. However, recently, a new strain of archaea bearing a putative …

Microbial activities drive the global nitrogen cycle, and in the past few years, our
understanding of nitrogen cycling processes and the micro-organisms that mediate them …

Diversity measurement is important for understanding community structure and dynamics,
but has been particularly challenging for microorganisms. Microbial community …

Traditionally, organisms responsible for major biogeochemical cycling processes have been
determined by physiological characterization of environmental isolates in laboratory culture …

The recent discovery of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) dramatically changed our
perception of the diversity and evolutionary history of microbes involved in nitrification. In this …

The abundance and composition of soil ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia‐
oxidizing archaea (AOA) communities under different long‐term (17 years) fertilization …