Pollution by heavy metals (HM) represents a serious threat for both the environment and
human health. Due to their elemental character, HM cannot be chemically degraded, and …

Polyamines are naturally occurring secondary metabolites that are known to possess
nonenzymatic antioxidant properties. They are carbon-and nitrogen-containing polycationic …

More than 30 years have passed since the discovery of the first plant metallothionein in
wheat embryos, from which the emergence of a uniquely diverse metallothionein family with …

The metallothionein (MT) superfamily combines a large variety of small cysteine-rich
proteins from nearly all phyla of life that have the ability to coordinate various transition metal …

This comprehensive survey of modern plant breeding traces its history from the earliest
experiments at the dawn of the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century to the present …

Occurrence of metallothioneins (MTs) was initially thought to be restricted to the animal
kingdom, and the corresponding functions such as detoxification of heavy metal ions were …

Abstract Background Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the most important oil
bearing crops in the world. However, genetic improvement of oil palm through conventional …

The handling of trace elements by plants plays a fundamental role in food security and
safety. Therefore, there is a need to understand the mechanisms that govern metal ion …

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is an important worldwide root vegetable crop with high
nutrient values and is adversely affected by non-essential heavy metals including chromium …

Metallothioneins (MTs) are ubiquitous cysteine-rich proteins with a high affinity for divalent
metal ions such as ZnII, CuI, and CdII that are involved in metal ion homeostasis and …