Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute a major public health
problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early life stress (ELS) …

Resilience is the ability to adapt successfully in the face of stress and adversity. Stressful life
events, trauma, and chronic adversity can have a substantial impact on brain function and …

Abstract Nearly 100 years ago, Ivan Pavlov demonstrated that dogs could learn to use a
neutral cue to predict a biologically relevant event: after repeated predictive pairings …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with both (1)'ill-defined'or 'medically
unexplained'somatic syndromes, eg unexplained dizziness, tinnitus and blurry vision, and …

Extensive research has identified stereotypic behavioral and biological abnormalities in post-
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), such as heightened autonomic activity, an exaggerated …

In this review, the authors propose that the fear extinction model can be used as an
experimental tool to cut across symptom dimensions of multiple anxiety disorders to …

The Holocaust left its visible and invisible marks not only on the survivors, but also on their
children. Instead of numbers tattooed on their forearms, however, they are marked …

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a stress-related psychiatric disorder that is thought to
emerge from complex interactions among traumatic events and multiple genetic factors …

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heterogeneous disorder that affects individuals
exposed to trauma (eg, combat, interpersonal violence, and natural disasters). Although its …

Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most studied neurotrophin involved in
synaptic plasticity processes that are required for long‐term learning and memory …