In late 2020, after circulating for almost a year in the human population, severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibited a major step change in its …

Abstract Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the most severe public health
challenge in this century. Two years after its emergence, the rapid development and …

Abstract In late 2022, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have become highly diversified,
and XBB is spreading rapidly around the world. Our phylogenetic analyses suggested that …

Abstract Three lineages (BA. 1, BA. 2 and BA. 3) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant of concern predominantly drove South Africa's …

Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA. 1 variant emerged in 2021 and has multiple
mutations in its spike protein. Here we show that the spike protein of Omicron has a higher …

The emergence of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is an urgent global health concern. In
this study, our statistical modelling suggests that Omicron has spread more rapidly than the …

During the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a variety of mutations
have accumulated in the viral genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 …

Soon after the emergence and global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage BA. 1,
another Omicron lineage, BA. 2, began outcompeting BA. 1. The results of statistical analysis …

After the global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA. 2, some BA. 2 subvariants,
including BA. 2.9. 1, BA. 2.11, BA. 2.12. 1, BA. 4, and BA. 5, emerged in multiple countries …

The past several months have witnessed the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with novel
spike protein mutations that are influencing the epidemiological and clinical aspects of the …