In humans, the combination of all sex-specific genetic, epigenetic, and hormonal influences
of biologic sex produces different in vivo environments for male and female cells. We dissect …

In the vast majority of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), there are well-described differences
between women and men in epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, effects …

Although a number of studies have observed that females respond better to serotonergic
antidepressants than males and that postmenopausal females have a diminished response …

Objectives To discuss the effect of certain factors on the occurrence of Adverse Drug
Reactions (ADRs). Data Sources A systematic review of the literature in the period between …

There are significant differences between men and women in the efficacy and tolerability of
antipsychotic drugs. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of what is currently known …

This review summarizes gender differences (GDs) in drug response. Although GDs have
been described both in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, their role in clinical …

Biologic differences exist between men and women that can result in differences in
responses to drugs. Both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences between the …

Gender-related differences in pharmacokinetics have frequently been considered as
potentially important determinants for the clinical effectiveness of drug therapy. The …

Heart failure (HF) phenotypes differ according to sex. HF preserved ejection fraction (EF)
has a greater prevalence in women and HF reduced EF (HFrEF) in men. Women with HF …

Although sex-related differences in the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical characteristics and
outcomes of heart failure are well known, investigations in the past decade have shed light …