Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a key role in health and disease, as they regulate gut
homeostasis and their deficiency is involved in the pathogenesis of several disorders …

The gut mucosa of human is covered by mucus, functioning as a crucial defense line for the
intestine against external stimuli and pathogens. Mucin2 (MUC2) is a subtype of secretory …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects millions of individuals worldwide annually. Enteric
reactive oxygen species (ROS) play critical roles in the physiology and pathology of IBD …

Propionate is a short-chain fatty acid that is generated upon microbiome-mediated fiber
fermentation in the intestine. By modulating immune and metabolic pathways, propionate …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent disease. It has been observed
that the incidence and prevalence of IBD are increasing, which consequently raises the risk …

Epithelial barrier dysfunction and crypt destruction are hallmarks of inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD). Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) residing in the crypts play a crucial role in the …

Bacteriophage are sophisticated cellular parasites that can not only parasitize bacteria but
are increasingly recognized for their direct interactions with mammalian hosts. Phage …

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbors diverse microbial communities collectively
known as the gut microbiota that exert a profound impact on human health and disease. The …