Early research on wartime violence against civilians highlighted a distinction between macro-
and micro-level approaches. Macro-level approaches, grounded in the international …

This article reviews the literature on civil war. We focus on the most recent period of
scholarly activity, beginning in the early 2000s when the publication of prominent …

What accounts for overarching trajectories of civil wars? This article develops an account of
civil war as a social process that connects dynamics of conflict from pre-to post-war periods …

Historically, civil wars ended in one-sided victory. With the end of the Cold War, however, the
very nature of how civil wars end shifted: wars became two times more likely to terminate in …

In a number of cases, rebel movements that won civil wars transformed into powerful
authoritarian political parties that dominated post-war politics. Parties whose origins are as …

This article reflects on the importance of linking micro and macro levels of analysis in order
to advance our current understanding of civil wars and political violence processes and …

What effect does state violence have on the cohesiveness and fragmentation of insurgent
organizations? This article develops a theory of how state violence against civilians affects …

In environments of seemingly intractable conflict, how should we understand the role of state
capacity building and security-sector reform in transitions to peace? Prevailing wisdom …

There is a consensus that civil wars entail enormous economic costs, but there is little
systematic analysis of the determinants of their heterogeneous destructiveness. Moreover …

This study investigates how deployment of pro-government militias (PGMs) as
counterinsurgents affects the risk of conflict recurrence. Militiamen derive material and non …